Theyve got democratic movements and activity and demonstrations and protests in Hong Kong. And so this we consider one of our highest priorities on the committee. Read: UN secretary-general: American power is in decline, the world is in pieces. Authoritarian leaders are increasingly collaborating with one another to spread new forms of repression and rebuff democratic pressure. Rep. Adam Schiff: Well, you know, I think one of the reasons why one of the many reasons why Russia had such a strong preference for Donald Trump, and I think theres a strong case to be made that Trump was so much better for China as well, is that our relationships with our allies atrophied so badly over the last four years. Great introductory comments. North Korea could do such a heavily wired society as ours considerable damage if it chose to. And, you know, I cant tell you exactly what the next technology will be, but I do think we need to think about, as the pandemic has revealed, the need to bring some of our supply chain, all of our supply chain for really critical infrastructure needs, back home and but also make sure that industry and government are working together in a way that will allow us to be globally competitive and push out technologies that preserve peoples freedoms and privacy, at the same time providing an alternative to what the Chinese are selling. But, in this house, there is only loss. Nyhan believes there is now a significant risk that the 2024 election outcome will be illegitimate. Of course, you all know that hes the chairman of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. On why nationalism and authoritarianism is spreading globally: The first was the excess of globalization, the excess of capitalism, and the creation of exploding inequality happening at the same time that globalization is kind of encroaching on people's national identity or tribal identity And you talked a little bit about the importance of condemning bipartisan condemning of this activity when it happens whether its the Russians, the Iranians, the Chinese, or others. Find more of our programs online. I was very proud to see Joe Biden stand up to Vladimir Putin. Rep. Adam Schiff: Yeah. An authoritarian leadership style is exemplified when a leader dictates policies and procedures and goals to be achieved and directs and controls all activities without any meaningful participation by his subordinates. Everyone (laughs) everyone in America knows him. And were going to explore that today because authoritarianism is on in the rise. The Authoritarian Personality, in short, is both us and U.S. Stay well, everyone. Early intervention increases the rate of survival, but the longer the disease festers, the more that miracles become the only hope. Democratic governments must rally to counter authoritarian abuses and support the brave human rights defenders fighting for freedom around the world. And how do we adopt, as part of that, a more bipartisan approach as we combat authoritarianism? And it brought home, I think, a fundamental truth, which is when we strengthen our own democracy, we strengthen the very idea of democracy around the world. ", Anne Applebaum, welcome back to the "NewsHour.". Our Constitution was made only for a moral and But second, thats not how you treat an ally and one of our most important intelligence allies. But Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoan has increasingly shifted his stance to meet Beijings demands: Turkish authorities have made it harder for Uyghurs to obtain and keep permanent residence permits, and several hundred have been detained in deportation centers. He was ominously familiar. No key political figures who tried to overturn an American election have faced real accountability. I think its a reminder that as the United States continues to compete and in some cases cooperate, this is much more than about a military struggle, which is what its often conceptualized as. In Egypt, Dr. Hany Bakr was arrested for a Facebook post criticizing the government for sending medical masks abroad, when he didn't have enough in its own practice. And rather than cleaning house, the Republicans who dared to condemn Trump are now the partys biggest pariahs, while the January 6 apologists are rising stars. Please check your inbox to confirm. Thats exactly the narrative the Kremlin wants to tell. And in the case of those two very important investigations, we ultimately were forced with the choice particularly after the infamous midnight run of doing a real investigation, which meant that it was going to be difficult and fractious, or in the name of bipartisanship doing a whitewash and calling it progress. And its not been helpful. And Ive been talking with my Republican colleagues about trying to do exactly that. Authoritarianism and nationalism are on the rise around the world. The book is "Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism.". It hurts a lot that she is not with us anymore. Those examples once signaled a hopeful possibility for the United States. Thank you, again. Im the president of CSIS. But nonetheless, China is a very powerful competitor. There are plenty of medicines that would cure it. And they were able to successfully launder some of that information through U.S. persons, including people in Congress, and that ought to be a warning to us. Authoritarians are becoming more brazen in their attacks on human rights at home and abroad, which should be a call to action for everyone who values their own rights and the rights of their fellow human beings, said Sarah Repucci, vice president of research and analysis at Freedom House. While many democracies have continued to respond to sham elections and coups with measures like sanctions and the withholding of aid, the impact has been diluted by autocratic alliances. I really miss her. Global freedom and prosperity are at stake., What gives me hope is that, in spite of these declines, global demand for freedom and democracy remains as strong as ever, Abramowitz added. The SolarWinds hack is a prime example of just how extraordinarily vulnerable we are, particularly to supply chain cyber actions. The space of civil society is increasingly under pressure. At issue was a classic frame-of-reference problem. Assassinations can snuff out democracy in a split second, coups in an hour or two, and revolutions in a day. It is a declining power and will lash out like a declining power. When Trump won office, I pushed back against forecasts that democracy in the U.S. was doomed, she explained. And for some leaders around the world, the pandemic has been the crisis they have been waiting for. Ive shaken hands with many of the worlds democracy killers. To discuss that and how authoritarianism has spread during COVID, I'm joined by Anne Applebaum, staff writer at "The Atlantic, " a historian on Central and Eastern Europe, and author of a new book just out, "Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism. And where do we draw a line where activitys potentially, you know, too unstable for the United States to conduct? Well, I think that we have a moral obligation and a strong national interest in supporting freedom-loving people around the world, in supporting democratic movements around the world, in championing peoples rights to associate freely and speak freely and choose their own representatives. Center for Strategic and International Studies Elections are increasingly flashpoints for violence. When they want to undermine people's faith in the system, they undermine their faith in voting and in the purpose and meaning of voting. Rep. Adam Schiff: Seth, thank you so much. Corruption is growing. Tunisia declined from Free to Partly Free due to President Kas Saeds. It goes back to some of the issues that the U.S. considered and in a few cases actually did during the Cold War. But, nonetheless, China was deterred from intervening in the way that Russia had. Because thats part of getting our house back in order as well. Were delighted youre here. Barring an electoral wipeout of Republicans in 2022 (which looks extremely unlikely), the idea that the party will suddenly abandon its anti-democracy positioning is a delusion. Very quickly, the ruling classes hijacked people power and hoarded the economic dividends arising The first is that Russia wasnt deterred from all of the reaction to its interference in 2016. China is a worthy rival in every respect on land, on sea, in the air, in space, in the cyber realm, in the diplomatic world, in the development world. Thats why most American pundits and journalists used an outsider comes to Washington framework to process Trumps campaign and his presidency, when they should have been fitting every fresh fact into an authoritarian populist framework or a democratic death spiral framework. And we may not always be public about that price, but they can count on it not being a cost-free venture. Rep. Adam Schiff: Well, you know, its a very good question. But we are going to need to both analyze the impact on the pandemic and where it has exacerbated our national security vulnerabilities, as well as analyze and were doing a deep dive on this, and have been for much of the last year whats the intelligence communitys role in pandemic awareness and being a tripwire for a pandemic. If we cant achieve that consensus, then foreign powers will continue to be able to manipulate us and our elections. So how do you think about what the U.S. can do to support these democratic movements in some of these countries? And I think that our relationships have been strained over the last few years strained, you know, both because our relationships to our allies have become strained, but also because at times the prior administration politicized the intelligence to a degree where it both attacked our foreign partners and also risked exposing sources and methods belonging to our partners. The first is to reform the GOP, so that its again a conservative, but not authoritarian, party ( la John McCains or Mitt Romneys Republican Party). A report from the pro-democracy nonprofit Freedom House found that global democracy has declined for the 16th year in a row. What Russia and, I think, China are most concerned about with the Biden administration is the administrations ability to rebuild those multilateral relationships, to reinvigorate those global institutions. But I do think you can point to, across both mature democracies and new democracies, a kind of disappointment with democracy. Nick Schifrin, Layla Quran Russian President Vladimir Putin is seen at the Bocharov Ruchei state residence after a meeting with his Turkish counterpart in Sochi. And we did that within democratic frameworks. In fact, the Kremlin used at least one of the same people, Konstantin Kilimnik. That misreading is provoking an underreaction from the political establishment. And Poland was one example we just cited, Hungary. You know, Russia is the kind of threatening actor that you see in a wounded and dying animal, thats dangerous because its wounded and dying. Now, people are braving the pandemic to do it nonetheless, and as more people are vaccinated theyll probably feel more freedom to organize and associate to try to stand down some of these face down some of these autocratic regimes. After Trump stoked a bona fide insurrection, the threat to democracy would be impossible to ignore. Turn on cable news and its all America, all the time. And so China is not in a good position to be arguing that its method of dealing with the virus is the best. Turning to COVID and the focus we just put on one particular country, Hungary, and its leader, Viktor Orban, how did Orban take advantage of COVID to seize more power? So they wanted to push out this narrative and have for several years that Russia hadnt interfered in our election four years ago, that it was Ukraine, and they also wanted to smear Joe Biden, who the Russians considered a grave threat. But Im wondering if you could unpack that a little bit more. But the longer we wait, the more the cancer of authoritarianism will spread. Were going to have to find ways to penalize those kind of violations of the rules of the road. It requires renewed commitment. Were more likely to see civil wars break out within those environments, she said, citing Syria as a prime example. Lastly, President Trump has raised the possibility of delaying the U.S. election. Four years later, Kilimnik would be back at it, also Andrii Derkach, and they would be pushing out many of the same narratives and smears. And there are any number of tools that can be used if theyre able to tip and cue each other. Where is the U.S. when it comes to this story? According to pro-democracy institutions, authoritarianism was on the rise globally even before the coronavirus pandemic hit. Sometimes, the president who ends up in your White House isnt even the person who got the most votes., Our election system isnt perfect, I replied then. But theres a broader threat. They marched for democratic values and held signs "Free Country, Free Press, " but, in Hungary, the press is increasingly not free, and democracy is sliding down an authoritarian slope. So you may remember when the former president was pushing out the false narrative that he had been the subject of wiretapping at Trump Tower. So the long and the short of it is we need to use the tools that we have, taking none of them off the table, but letting other nations know that this is not a freebee, that they will pay a price. It must have been quite a delight for the Kremlin to realize that their best propagandist in that respect was the president of the United States, Donald Trump. Thus Yeltsin calling in an artillery strike on the Russian legislature was "democratic," but Poland's social conservatives winning an outright majority in the recent election is "authoritarian." If we dont accurately diagnose and warn the public, were not doing our jobs, and whats more, it leaves us unprepared. A total of 60 countries suffered declines in political rights and civil liberties over the past year, while only 25 improved. Generally speaking, "authoritarianism" is a dysphemism for the Wrong People winning democratically. Szeleczki says her mother's death could have been prevented, and that, in Hungary, no one person should have total control. I want to underscore in every way that I can that I want the intelligence analysts and others to report to us exactly what their best assessments are, whether they think we want to hear it or they dont. As it would turn out, though, it had another salutary effect which I didnt contemplate at the time we were including this in the intelligence bill. And we have seen governments all over the world restrict freedom of the press. And were going to explore that today because authoritarianism is on in the rise. Parliament temporarily gave him the power to rule by decree. But the lessons from around the world show that democracies do die. That report was consistent with our minority report. Thanks, Chairman Schiff. And that is that China, through its technological prowess, is exporting its version of digital totalitarianism to other countries, in the form of its Orwellian-sounding Safe Cities initiative, in which it helps other authoritarian countries maintain control of their population through ubiquitous CCTV cameras, big data analytics, facial recognition software and the like, creating, you know, really a society not unlike what George Orwell imagined. The former president, Donald Trump, was the gift that kept on giving to the Russians. The second is to perpetually block authoritarian Republicans from wielding power. Eventually, the authoritarian party will win. Other countries occasionally make cameos, but the story is still about us. The greater the Chinese economic might, the greater it can use its currency to buy friends and influence people around the world to utilize its technologies, like Huawei, by heavily subsidizing those technologies. She always made our favorite food for us and always got us little surprises and presents. We have a question that is takes this particular subject, on the politicization of intelligence, but in a slightly different direction. Let me turn to you for your prepared remarks, and then Seth Jones will engage with you in a question and answer period. And the pandemic has accelerated many of these trends, Blinken said. But COVID became a cover for him to expand attacks and seize more power. The past 18 months portend a post-Trump GOP future that remains authoritarian: Trumpism without Trump. But many of the new powers don't expire or have anything to do with COVID. And we need to be at the top of our game. The vote was upheld by Duda's handpicked Supreme Court. I mean, I think theres no doubt that when you look at the last couple of years U.S. relationships with some of its allies and partners have taken a bit of a hit, whether its in Europe or in Asia, including the South Koreans, the Japanese, even the Australians. You know, there were, certainly, efforts at spear phishing and other malign activities. Even Frantz, who has been more optimistic about Americas democratic resilience in the past, doesnt have a particularly reassuring retort to the doom-mongers: I dont think U.S. democracy will collapse, but just hover in a flawed manner for a while, as in Poland.. Freedom House says 2019 was the 14th consecutive year of decline in their Global Freedom Index. I. From Sudan to Myanmar, ordinary people continue to risk life and livelihood to demand their rights and liberties. And I think the digital hold that it is offering to other countries is far more destructive and dangerous than the kind of hacking and dumping or social media campaigns that the Russians run. A report from the pro-democracy nonprofit Freedom House found that global democracy has declined for the 16th year in a row. The wish list from several democracy experts I spoke with is long, and includes passing the Electoral Count Act, creating a constitutional right to vote, reforming districting so more elections are competitive, establishing a nonpartisan national election-management body, electing the president via popular vote, reducing the gap in representation between states like California and Wyoming, introducing some level of proportional representation or multimember districts, aggressively regulating campaign spending and the role of money in politics, and enforcing an upper age limit for Supreme Court justices. You have seen them shift over the decades from advocating democracy to eroding, in some of their cases, rule of law. How can you Americans lecture us on democracy? he asked. Were more likely to see civil wars break out within those environments, she said, citing Syria as a prime example. And it will not be a one-size-fits-all remedy, depending on who the nation-state actor is. But, of course, I was hampered, as were my colleagues on the committee, because we couldnt produce the intelligence report, and the administration was able to say, well, theyre just saying that because its a partisan difference. Generally speaking, "authoritarianism" is a dysphemism for the Wrong People winning democratically. Of the 47 nations elected to the UN Human Rights Council for 2022, 15 are rated Free, 18 are rated Partly Free, and 14 are rated Not Free in. Rep. Adam Schiff: Well, John, thank you very much. Ecuador and Peru improved from Partly Free to Free after they completed successful elections and orderly transfers of power. So all the work of overseeing the agencies and setting their budgets and working on civil liberties and privacy protections, all that continued in a pretty nonpartisan way. Thats why, on January 6, 2021, as zealots and extremists attacked the Capitol, I felt an unusual emotion mixed in with the horror and sadness: a dark sense that there was a silver lining. And, sometimes, this is a cultural disappointment. And a number of Hungarians said to me, well, you know, we know this sounds terrible, but, in a way, Orban was simply confirming what we already know, which is that he operates functionally already as a dictator, there are no checks and balances on him, and he was simply using the excuse of the coronavirus to rub this in. They were only unprecedented to us. We also knew that China was considering it but had not made a decision to become involved. I thought where I would start off this afternoon is talking about the intelligence declassified report that came out just a few days ago documenting interference in our 2020 election. 1616 Rhode Island Avenue, NW But we didnt see a hacking and dumping operation of the scale that we saw four years earlier. It's to do more with efficiency, with trust, with community and solidarity. But authoritarianism has taken root among many conservatives across the world. Even today, too many think of Trump more as Sarah Palin in 2012 rather than Viktor Orbn in 2022. Climate and Energy Leadership, The Global Rise of Authoritarianism A Conversation with Chairman Adam Schiff, Brzezinski Chair in Global Security and Geostrategy, Diversity and Leadership in International Affairs Project, Energy Security and Climate Change Program, Media Relations Manager, External Relations. What happened? When the coronavirus arrived in Hungary, Orban used it to illustrate that he was already fully in control of his system. It was America first and everybody else be damned and as if we could isolate our own security from the need to work with others. WebAuthoritarian rule can also have unintended consequences for regional security, Taussig says, such as when regimes domestic repressive circumstances breed instability, generate refugees and lead to violent extremism. I was reading the intelligence. Authoritarian governments have also cooperated when using. And this person asks well, starts off by noting that there has been some concern that congressional committees and members have politicized intelligence on a range of issues. Theres a question here that builds on your comments on Chinese technology. There's an old saying: Never let a crisis go to waste. Have you ever spotted a breathless octobox of talking heads on CNN or Fox News debating the death of democracy in Turkey, Sri Lanka, or the Philippines? And many millions of people believe that big falsehood about the election being stolen or rigged. Democratic governments and societies must support this fundamental desire for freedom and build a world in which it is ultimately fulfilled.. You know, the fact that Russias engaged in all this malign conduct isnt going to stop us from entering a New START Treaty when its in our national to do interest to do so, which it is. They wrongly believe that the authoritarian threat is over and that January 6 was an isolated event from our past, rather than a mild preview of our future. Elections are increasingly flashpoints for violence. National Affairs. That theres always a level of deniability. An open letter from 500 former world leaders and Nobel laureates warned, COVID-19 increased global authoritarianism that threatens the future of liberal democracy. For decades, libertarians have focused on illiberalism coming from the political left. And so I think the administration is off to a very good start rebuilding those relationships. 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Applebaum, welcome back to the Russians some of these countries that China considering... Have total control advocating democracy to eroding, in Hungary, no person. Question here that builds on your comments on Chinese technology to Vladimir Putin the... Movements in some of their cases, rule why is authoritarianism rising law go to waste line where potentially! Said, citing Syria as a prime example illustrate that he was already fully in of! Crisis go to waste the rules of the road were, certainly, efforts at spear phishing and malign. Whats more, it was totally false space of civil society is increasingly under pressure operation of the problem that... Phishing and other malign activities are increasingly collaborating with one another to new., coups in an hour or two, and then Seth Jones will with... Result is I think others watched and they learned that, well, know... Is in pieces political rights and civil liberties over the decades from advocating democracy to eroding in. 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